p59

脚註44補足．パラダイムと不連続性を強調する見方に関して．

I. AsimovのエッセイThe Relativity of Wrong (I saac Asimov - The Skeptical Inquirer, Vol. 14 No. 1, Fall 1989) は

``The basic trouble is that people think that "right" and "wrong" are absolute’’

ことを諄々と説いている．拳々服膺の価値がある．

http://chem.tufts.edu/AnswersInScience/RelativityofWrong.htm

神などの迷信の理由

危難を意識せずに避けることが出来たとき，神の恩寵を感じることは大いにありうる．われわれはご先祖様のおかげで神の加護の下にあるのである．たとえば次の論文参照．

9 Lin Capture of Attention to Threatening Stimuli without Perceptual Awareness

CB  19 1118 

*We used a visual search task to show that a looming stimulus on a collision path with an observer captures attention but a looming stimulus on a near-miss path does not. Critically, observers were unaware of any difference between collision and near-miss stimuli.

*In the absence of perceptual awareness, the visual system can extract behaviorally relevant details from a visual scene and automatically categorize threatening versus nonthreatening

images at a level of precision beyond our conscious perceptual capabilities.

あるいは

9 Striemer“Real-time” obstacle avoidance in the absence of primary visual cortex

P 106 15996

(BG) Obstacle avoidance relies on mechanisms in the dorsal visual stream in the

posterior parietal cortex.

(Q) Where are the visual inputs to these dorsal-stream mechanisms coming from?

*These mechanisms can operate in `real-time' without direct input from primary visual cortex (V1). 

*These seemingly `primitive’ subcortical visual pathways can control complex everyday behavior without recourse to conscious vision.